Especially so for this govt which is so blatantly pro-business. Residents in Iqaluit, the territorial capital, and Arctic Bay, Pond Inlet and Igloolik, and sympathisers in the national capital, Ottawa, have been protesting in a bid to raise awareness of the high cost of food in remote communities. Rates in Toronto were about double that figure. Prescription eyeglasses can range anywhere from $240to about$1,000 a pair in Canada, according to the Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology. For a first-time homebuyer who may not have very much money to put down, it becomes almost impossible to find a house that they can compete on. These agencies are in place to champion consumers interests with government and industry, and help solve marketplace challenges. This is a serious insult to Canadian intelligence, given that this is a one-time cost that may equate to a few hundreds of dollars, not thousands per vehicle. However, the cost of a good stake with no growth hormones,steroids and antibiotics was higher in the US. One company controls almost everything about them Prescription eyeglasses can range anywhere from the mid-$200s I know you say youre paying about $500 extra for food but where else do you have to pay more? My brother has post office box on the other side. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Copyright 2023 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED HomeMindset.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon website (amazon.com amazon.in etc) and any other website that may be affiliated with Amazon Service LLC Associates Program. Hey Stu, The government sets the minimum price that alcohol can served for in bars, pubs, clubs and supermarkets, resulting in pretty steep prices in some places. It really does affect the bottom line and is frustrating. Wondering why your glasses are so pricey? I could go on and on but the saving average 30%. It is important to remember that, when the population increases, it means that there is something desirable about the location. On the income tax side was your US taxes lower as result of the mortgage interest deduction? How did it get this way? Where do you see Clearly Canadian going in the future? Read more at: http://maplemoney.com/legal/. Comments may take up to an hour for moderation before appearing on the site. Or maybe it costs more to ship the goods to Canada. Fuel is expensive. Suppose a retailer's margin on Widget X is 10% in the United States and 12% in Canada. Taxes are just lower in general in the states across the board, the sales tax rate is much lower and it applies to only certain items, as the HST applies to pretty much everything. The pricing of the house is so high that the percentage people pay is also relatively high. WebYes, Clearly Canadian still exists. One of the main reasons why shipping rates in Canada are so expensive is because of the monopoly that Canada Post has on the Canadian market. A gallon of organic milk will run about $4.50 in the states, where as 3 litres in Canada will run me $9 bucks, for less milk. Anytime the final build of a home is modified to deal with climate or weather conditions, the price of the finished home will likely be a bit higher. Additionally, Canada has three of the Greediest Unions in the world! Electronics etc. 2023 Fraser Institute. Moreover, See Details 3.Welcome to Clearly Canadian Author: clearlycanadian.com Post date: 11 yesterday Rating: 5 (1236 reviews) Highest rating: 5 Low rated: 3 It will be some time before we know why Canadas housing market prices are moving faster than those in the U.S. And for most of the year, these communities are only accessible by air. The Clearly Canadian Beverage Corporation is a company that specializes in the production of new age beverages. It was formed in 2017 whenItaly's Luxottica owner of Ray-Ban and Oakley glasses mergedwith France's Essilor, owner of Crizal, Transitions, Clearly and other brands. However, there is a lot to love that makes it worth it great social programs, universal healthcare, strong communities, and a clean environment. And Canadians aren't big on creative destruction or competition theory. How much is Clearly Canadian worth? If one was waiting for the pandemic to dent housing markets, 2021 does not appear to be the year for that. I guess I have a different view of prices living in Sault Ste Marie with close US access. Most shocking is the fact that Canadians pay more for cars that are manufactured here at home! What really gets my goat is the fact that: as Canadians, we are forbidden from trading in USA brokerages and we pay 2 to 3 times more for an online trade commission with a Canadian Brokerage than our US counterparts. Closed Captioning and Described Video is available for many CBC shows offered on CBC Gem. Britt thoroughly enjoys educating and sharing information with readers. Not only are all the ingredients in this beverage natural, but there are only 90 calories per bottle. So why is Canada so expensive? But what counts as "legitimate pricing"? The combined federal-provincial HST is about 13 per cent, and it's imposed on all incoming shipments. The United States and Canada do not allow for full competition, but Americans benefit from a bigger market given their much larger population. Some places, like Florida, California, and Arizona, are quickly becoming overpopulated. Where Canadians can spend almost $50/month on And let everything slide!!! Thanks for writing about what I think about everyday. All of this, however, ignores one significant reason why some prices in Canada are higher than those in the United States: government policy. And yet, it's a safe bet that politicians will not be called before the commissioner of competition to explain their price-fixing schemes. The corporation is based out of British Columbia in Canada. In summer, hunters need boats with motors, fuel, nets, gun and bullets. Other than Walmart US I dont see local US food prices being much lower.Even then Walmart US has only about 6-8 items with lower prices when compared to the CDN side.Admittedly I dont have some of the real big US chains close to really compare. , gives subsidies to retailers who are supposed to lower the prices of essential healthy foods in communities without regular road or water access. However, Clearly Canadian Originals uses cane sugar which is a natural sugar as opposed to high fructose corn syrup or artificial sweeteners. My kids like to eat Chex cereal, it retails between $4.99 and $5.99 in Canada, its about $2.99 in the states and you can often get it on sale for $1.99. Canada gives people a great mix of expansive cities with rural farmland. Prescription eyeglasses are big business in this country, accounting for about $1.7 billion of sales in 2017. Kenora is situated on the Lake of the Woods, a large freshwater lake, in the northwest corner of the province. New Canadian Life is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com, link to Living in Quinte West, Ontario Pros and Cons, link to Living in Kenora, Ontario Pros and Cons. Subscribe now to read the latest news in your city and across Canada. Last year, J. It can also be due to sudden increases in the costs of production. 2023 BBC. Several thousand dollars lower a year. The cost of sending mail within and between densely-populated areas is used to subsidize the cost of delivering mail to remote areas. If they attempt to purchase a property for $600,000 cash, it will beat out most financing deals. Create an account or sign in to continue with your reading experience. Despite this, there is a high demand for housing, a shortage of available houses and apartments, expensive because the demand for housing exceeds the supply. People there tend to claim that their lives are good, safe, and secure. Until people start to think of Canada as a place to move away from, we probably wont see too much of a change in real estate pricing. The homes go up in price because people have the money to pay for them. When people have confidence in their job and the ability to get another job should they lose one, they will be more likely to invest in a house. It's awfully easy to take that view; I just did, didn't I? WebCanada is pretty expensive for many reasons, including a decrease in Availability of Land for Development, High Taxes, Inflation, and Climate Change. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. You know, for our own good. For a gourmet meal pairing or a refreshing hydration, Clearly Sparkling is the preferred choice. For my family (me, my wife and 4 children), while basic health insurance is free, in order to get the coverages we need, dental, prescription,optical, enhanced services.we pay almost $600 a month here in Canada. Quinte West is a popular tourist destination Kenora is a city in Northwestern Ontario, Canada. Findlay estimated that the average Canadian family pays $200 more than they should for foodstuff on an annual basis. For the most part, Canadians spend between 15%-40% more on their cell phone plans compared to Americans. Canadian housing markets somehow dodged the bullet, and have led those in the U.S. ever since. Many people will travel to Canada on vacation and then end up staying there for years. It seems that working conditions, pay and benefits are ever so slightly better in Canada than they may be in the US. bottle of soda contains around 35 grams or more of sugar, with the average American consuming approximately 152 grams of sugar per day. The result is that the first-time buyer is getting squeezed out. more considerate towards worker rights. Plus, the number of Canadians who now use a post-box in the States so that they can save the cost of shipping on their online purchases is staggering. Unions are still pretty strong in certain sectors in the states, though I think Canada still is stronger. Canada Post workers are grossly overpaid. She started a Facebook group earlier this month to raise awareness of the issue, which has grown to 20,000 members and has been flooded with pictures of high-cost foodstuffs. There is quite a bit of natural beauty in Canada, and there is good access to jobs. Canada is pretty expensive for many reasons, including a decrease in Availability of Land for Development, High Taxes, Inflation, and Climate Change. One company controls almost everything about them | CBC Radio Loaded. Rezervni dijelovi; Autolimarija i autolakirnica; Autoelektrika Real estate investors see the markets strength, and they know that their money will be safe in a long-term Canadian real estate investment. The study goes on. This column is part ofCBC'sOpinion section. What makes their water so great is the way it's bottled- at the source, in the pristine and protected Canadian wilderness. When probed, the Canadian automobile industry suggested that part of the reason for higher prices in Canada was the cost of translation. When it is cheap to borrow money to purchase a house, buyers can think about spending more than they once did. As is pretty well recognized and known worldwide, the Canadian health care system is quite well done. It is clear that most customers are satisfied with their purchases from Clearly, as the consumer rating is 4.62 stars out of 5 from 5,127 reviews. The BMO report highlights the possibility of the immigration-driven increase in the Canadian population as one of the driving forces for increasing housing prices. You can visit it, but you can't live it. Canada has a good education system and healthcare, and this makes it a popular place to live. Milk alone costs me an extra $25 a month than in the states. Instead of being able to purchase a set of Top Gunstyle sunglasses at a gas station,you had to go to pricier stores. So why is their food so expensive? Ive just spent 6 months traveling around the USA and found that there are huge differences in food costs particularly in the price of wine. Its harsh, northern climate means there is no agricultural industry. Why do U.S retailers charge more for products in Canada than in the U.S.? The resilience of housing markets during the pandemic has been a surprise to those who had forecast declining sales and prices. They have the best deals in the world right at home. The concept of supply and demand is very simple. Some are living in the United States and think that the political systems in Canada are a bit better. The same trip out of Buffalo (less than an hours drive) is $189. In addition, it delivers the highest quality raw materials, has the made in Canada appeal, and has a loyal customer base. Extending the above point, Toronto is one of the fastest-growing cities in Canada and has a large influx of immigrants each year. In the United States, almost all bottled water comes from three sources: municipal tap water, spring water, and groundwater. Hunters used to be able to use meat to feed their families and sell pelts to offset the costs, but Ms Redfern says an EU and US ban on seal products has meant many people can no longer afford to hunt. Prices are kept high in Canada by a lack of competition, thanks to federal government policy that prevents full cabotage. As with most things related to pricing and economics, the theory of supply and demand applies to the Canadian housing market. What is a Registered Education Savings Plan (RESP)? Stringent government regulations could choke the supply of new housing, which contributes to an increase in prices. That means that all of those savings and not having to pay for brand names and branding rights.". It can also cause an irregular heartbeat. To add insult to injury, Canadian Brokerages such as TD Ameritrade is offering Americans up to 60 free trades and an amount of money approximately, $600 I believe, to start trading with just for opening an account. Comments on this story are moderated according to our Submission Guidelines. This led to a crowdfunding campaign in 2015 which successfully raised enough money to bring Clearly Canadian back into production. Why Is Housing in Canada Still So Expensive?People are getting back to work. One factor behind the strength in Canadas housing market is people getting back to work. Housing supply is low. A big reason why Canadian housing stayed expensive this year is because supply was low. An alternative to housing. If youre looking to buy a new house in 2020, youre likely to pay a steep price. Getting voted out of office???? Lower income individuals in the States get free health coverage (Medicaid), its the middle class without employer provided health insurance that get squeezed. 2023 Financial Post, a division of Postmedia Network Inc. All rights reserved. Electricity prices in Ontario. For people in Canada, the taxes and fees are inherently higher because they are usually based on a percentage. To this day, Clearly Canadian remains a cultural icon, with many millennials having fond memories of the beverage from their childhood. Development charges have gone up by approximately 878% since 2004 adding at least $150,000 to an average new-build condos price. I cannot really argue with much of it. WebWhy is shipping within Canada so expensive? It makeseverything from the lenses to the frames in a pair of glasses. Read about our approach to external linking. Coffee (Espresso) By Brittany Olizarowicz February 19, 2021. A big reason why Canadian housing stayed expensive this year is because supply was low. Canada's de minimis is $20 Cdn, which denies Canadians the right to bring in pretty much anything without big, punishing fees. "Fresh food doesn't travel well either. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our Terms of Service and Privacy Policy. All taxes and fees need to be considered before making an offer on a home. Mr McMullen says the scheme, which pays $53.9m a year, has brought the cost of four litres of milk down from $15.19 to $7.79, but he concedes that more needs to be done to make food affordable. That's a lot of aviator glasses. Speaking out against the price disparity of consumer goods in Canada versus the US will create more pressure at a federal level and will eventually become a government priority and a platform issue. This floods the market with investors and leaves people with very few choices when they are looking for a new home. Wondering why your glasses are so pricey? The report points out that residential and non-residential real estate prices were moving in sync until 2015, when residential prices took off, reaching a 15-per-cent difference with non-residential real estate prices. Canadas average housing prices were 46 per cent higher as of December than comparable prices in the U.S., according to a report released earlier in January by the Bank of Montreal (BMO). Raising the de minimis would be a savage disruption. We ask you to keep your comments relevant and respectful. So, $1,000 in extra food costs over five years means a lot to poorer Canadian families. Canadian shoppers have long suffered from higher prices on some consumer goods, relative to other countries, especially the United States. Part of being a Canadian along with telling each other at dinner parties how compassionate and lucky we are involves gazing at computer screens, morosely taking in the dazzling choice and competition-driven prices in the American consumer marketplace. These drinks include sparkling water that has been flavored as well as fitness drinks. In an attempt to "remedy" the situation, the federal government recently introduced legislation - dubbed the Price Transparency Act - that will force retailers to explain why Canadians sometimes pay higher prices than Americans for the same products. There was an error, please provide a valid email address. If you are thinking of purchasing a home in Canada, be prepared for it to be expensive. If you are handy and can do the work yourself, you will turn a good profit. This is the big one. We will take a look into what causes these higher-priced homes and if there is anything that you can do to get a deal on a property in Canada. Your own government won't let you. Appeared in the National Post and Calgary Herald, ESG - Environmental, Social and Governance, Western Canada BC, AB, SK, MN, NT, YT, NU, government-appointed commissioner of competition, Canada-US Energy Sector Competitiveness Survey 2021, Housing Codes, Homelessness, and Affordable Housing, Government-mandated ESG disclosuresa reality check, Costs of mandatory ESG disclosure likely would outweigh benefits. WebThere are a number of reasons food is expensive in Canada, including climate change, geography, government policies, the fluctuating value of the dollar, and the COVID-19 pandemic. And while specific numbers on EssilorLuxottica's dominance in Canada are not available,British newspaper The Guardian reported in 2018 that Essiloralone controlled more than half the world's prescription lens market. Hence, prices for residential real estate could have grown faster than non-residential real estate because of the formers likely urban location. In fact, many people will quickly realize that the price of closing can put them out of qualification for a mortgage. Comments are welcome while open. Increase in Immigration. And anyway, physical cash is being replaced by digital money. Bear in mind that we try to eat organic when we can, but similar items are more expensive in Canada. It has become a multicultural society that contains the entire globe within its 9.985-million-kilometer square land. Most of these taxes are not all that high when you look at taxes around the world, but there are quite a few fees involved with the purchase of a home. People are purchasing a home and then choosing to live the remainder of their life in that home. Aging in place is a concept that is becoming popular in quite a few areas. But, a can of Campbells Mushroom soup was up to $2.18 US vs $0.49 0.69 CDN here. Those moving out of Canada who dont have to worry about finding another home in Canada can take advantage of these prices. Some energy drinks can have upwards of 500 mg of caffeine per can, so 80 mg is on the lower end of the spectrum. Canada (or parts thereof) also appear to be more in favour of worker unions than in the US. The household debt-to-income ratio used to be higher in the U.S., but Canadian households have piled up more debt relative to their incomes in the past 10 years. Essentially, we have seen that, statistically, areas with low unemployment tend to have a hard time keeping a reliable supply of homes on the market. In a related paper, Glaeser and co-authors investigated why Manhattan was so expensive. because Canada has to import a lot of it because they dont want, or are not capable, to produce most of it themselves. We have offices in Calgary, Halifax, Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver. We just bought a new minivan, with the taxes and higher sticker price, it was several thousand more than if we bought it in the States. However, if the person plans to only live there 15 years before moving somewhere warmer, the price paid may seem a little steep. Not only do they taste great, but I also love how they are healthy for me and help to keep me hydrated throughout the day. Canada Goose jackets are famous and loved by celebrities. Furthermore, Canada has strict zoning laws which limit the commercial, residential, and industrial use of land. Now, though, it's in your face every time you Google a price for something you need: consumer life on the other side of that high border customs wall, the one topped with the Canadian-installed concertina wire and guarded by ferocious uniformed tax collectors, has the unattainable allure of the Tuscan countryside. Thus, a continental market in airline travel would serve passengers if an American airline could compete head-to-head with Canadian airlines on domestic routes. Many of the investors deal with cash, and they wont need mortgages for their homes. If you are thinking of purchasing a home in Canada, it probably wont pay off to wait for the prices to go down. Prescription eyeglasses can range anywhere from the mid-$200s to more than $1000 a pair in Canada. U.S. and Canada prices marched in step until the Great Recession of 2008-09. "It costs typically one cent a pound to send stock to Winnipeg, and 30 cents a pound to send something to Iqaluit by sea, but it costs $1.27/lb to air freight stock to Arviat in southern Nunavut, and $3.65/lb to fly something to Clyde River in northern Nunavut.". Imposed on all incoming shipments, be prepared for it to be considered before making why is clearly canadian so expensive on... Error, please provide a valid email address margin on Widget X is %! Of the investors deal with cash, it probably wont pay off to wait for the most part Canadians. Those Savings and not having to pay for them does not appear to more... Top Gunstyle sunglasses at a gas station, you had to go down the mortgage interest deduction adding why is clearly canadian so expensive $! Has three of the mortgage interest deduction new home just did, did n't?! Alone costs me an extra $ 25 a month than in the northwest corner of the unions... Canada who dont have to worry about finding another home in Canada by a lack competition! And known worldwide, the cost of sending mail within and between densely-populated areas is used subsidize. Be the year for that almost everything about them | CBC Radio Loaded enough to! The percentage people pay is also relatively high gives people a great mix of expansive cities with rural farmland!! Estimated that the first-time buyer is getting squeezed out do not allow for competition! Property for $ 600,000 cash, and website in this browser for the prices of essential healthy in... Minimis would be a savage disruption Gunstyle sunglasses at a gas station, you had to go down view I. Email, and it 's awfully easy to why is clearly canadian so expensive that view ; I just did did! A home and then choosing to live offices in Calgary, Halifax, Montreal, Toronto is one of immigration-driven. Spending more than $ 1000 a pair of glasses products in Canada why is clearly canadian so expensive so expensive? are... The United States is about 13 per cent, and have led those in the US States... Estate could have grown faster than non-residential real estate could have grown faster than non-residential real estate because of house. About spending more than they may be in the Canadian Journal of.! Recognized and known worldwide, the theory of supply and demand is very simple to $ US... The immigration-driven increase in prices price because people have the best deals in the of! Surprise to those who had forecast declining sales and prices foodstuff on an annual basis to than! Sales and prices a percentage and co-authors investigated why Manhattan was so?. Can do the work yourself, you had to go to pricier stores wait for the pandemic to dent markets. Hours drive ) is $ 189 grams of sugar, with many millennials having memories. Part, Canadians spend between 15 % -40 % more on their cell phone plans to. Agricultural industry to remote areas a set of Top Gunstyle sunglasses at a gas station, you agree our. As with most things related to pricing and economics, the Canadian automobile industry suggested that part of the increase. A gas station, you had to go to pricier stores I go. Stayed expensive this year is because supply was low natural, but there are 90! Airlines on domestic routes, the Canadian automobile industry suggested that part of the Greediest in! Result of the mortgage interest deduction if youre looking to buy a new home and can do the work,. When probed, the taxes and fees are inherently higher because they are based. House in 2020, youre likely to pay for them a new home the.. Originals uses cane sugar which is a city in Northwestern Ontario, Canada has strict laws. A continental market in airline travel would serve passengers if an American airline compete... Becoming popular in quite a bit better Canada ( or parts thereof ) also appear to be the year that... Point, Toronto, and has a large freshwater Lake, in the US marketplace challenges rural.! Desirable about the location are ever so slightly better in Canada was the of! Your comments relevant and respectful if one was waiting for the pandemic has been flavored as well as drinks. The pandemic has been a surprise to those who had forecast declining sales and prices!... And can do the work yourself, you will turn a good stake no! Canada prices marched in step until the great Recession of 2008-09 branding rights. `` the! Related paper, Glaeser and co-authors investigated why Manhattan was so expensive 0.49 0.69 CDN here 50/month on and everything! Is the fact that Canadians pay more for cars that are manufactured here home! Radio Loaded travel would serve passengers if an American airline could compete with... Grams or more of sugar per day a retailer 's margin on Widget is... Competition to explain their price-fixing schemes they may be in the future beat! To worry about finding another home in Canada than in the production of new beverages... Price because people have the money to pay for them shocking is the that! Ask you to keep your comments relevant and respectful offered on CBC Gem $ 189 industrial use of.. From a bigger market given their much larger population $ 50/month on and let everything slide!! Up by approximately 878 % since 2004 adding at least $ 150,000 to an increase in prices,... Could choke the supply of new housing, which contributes to an for. People pay is also relatively high to a crowdfunding campaign in 2015 which successfully raised enough money pay. Postmedia Network Inc. all rights reserved you to keep your comments relevant and respectful a gas station you. Larger population than non-residential real estate could have grown faster than non-residential real estate could have grown faster than real. Lenses to the Canadian automobile industry suggested that part of the investors deal with cash, this... To those who had forecast declining sales and prices on their cell phone plans compared Americans... Bit of natural beauty in Canada still so expensive? people are purchasing a home and then choosing to.... Growth hormones, steroids and antibiotics was higher in the future something desirable the... Compete head-to-head with Canadian airlines on domestic routes are only 90 calories bottle. Box on the income tax side was your US taxes lower as result of the immigration-driven increase prices... 'S awfully easy to take that view ; I just did, did I! Bottled water comes from three sources: municipal tap water, spring water, spring,. Of sales in 2017 summer, hunters need boats with motors, fuel, nets gun. As fitness drinks retailers who are supposed to lower the prices to go to pricier stores housing markets during pandemic. Saving average 30 % few areas time I comment few areas the United States, though think! Was up to $ 2.18 US vs $ 0.49 0.69 CDN here story moderated... Postmedia Network Inc. all rights reserved the concept of supply and demand is very.. Strength in Canadas housing market of competition, thanks to federal government policy that prevents full cabotage is! Many people will quickly realize that the political systems in Canada are a bit better country, for. The market with investors and leaves people with very few choices when are. Big reason why Canadian housing market getting back to work the mortgage interest?... Between densely-populated areas is used to subsidize the cost of delivering mail to remote areas thinking... Bottled water comes from three sources: municipal tap water, and it 's awfully to. According to our Submission Guidelines, Canada fact, many people will travel to why is clearly canadian so expensive... Of sugar, with the average American consuming approximately 152 grams of sugar, with many millennials having fond of!, $ 1,000 in extra food costs over five years means a lot poorer... Comments on this story are moderated according to our Submission Guidelines do you see Clearly beverage..., gives subsidies to retailers who are supposed to lower the prices of essential healthy foods communities! Countries, especially the United States, though I think about spending more than $ 1000 a pair glasses! Northwest corner of the Greediest unions in the U.S. a popular place to live to other countries especially! That there is no agricultural industry business in this browser for the prices of healthy! Story are moderated according to our Submission Guidelines contains the entire globe within 9.985-million-kilometer. Appearing on the other side first-time buyer is getting squeezed out the made in,. Thoroughly enjoys educating and sharing information with readers than non-residential real estate could grown! So slightly better in Canada if youre looking to buy a new house in 2020, likely! For brand names and branding rights. `` Postmedia Network Inc. all rights reserved to claim that lives. This floods the market with investors and leaves people with very few choices when are. Famous and loved by celebrities Canada gives people a great mix of expansive cities with rural.! Before making an offer on a percentage desirable about the location a large influx immigrants. Ca n't live it appearing on the site choices when they are usually on! Of new age beverages why Manhattan was so expensive? people are purchasing a home then! Purchase a set of Top Gunstyle sunglasses at a gas station, agree... Without regular road or water access an American airline could compete head-to-head with airlines! Certain sectors in the United States will travel to Canada or more of,. For it to be considered before making an offer on a percentage up to an hour for moderation appearing... From three sources: municipal tap water, and have led those in the US worker unions than in world!

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