This brand disappeared in June 2008, as a result of the merger with Taylor Woodrow. This was achieved through siting in low-cost locations. Having said this, the change in actual houses built was gradual. Through the fifties, and increasingly in If you need to find a tradesperson to get your job done, please try our local search below, The group had broken into major road construction with the Glasgow Inner Ring Road and M73 projects. The acquisition also moved Wimpey into a slightly higher-margin segment of the homebuilding business. A combination of growing affluence in some regions - London and the Wimpey architects and engineers based their "No-Fines" technique on a Norwegian idea. floor of the lounge and dining rooms of these houses were finished in Skilled labour and materials were in short supply and commanded high prices. Mitchell laid the foundation for postwar growth by establishing local offices throughout Great Britain in the years immediately following the war. Demand for housing was especially high in the postwar era; nearly one-third of Britain's housing had been damaged in the bombing and practically no new homes had been built since 1939. var dialogHeight = dialog.height(); In many cases, even where defects or other issues such as poor thermal performance do exist, the required repairs or remedial works may be prohibitively expensive. Wimpey's war-related government contracts started that year with immense underground concrete tanks used to store aviation fuel reserves. Help to modernise a 1970's house. } It may not display this or other websites correctly. "No-fines" refers to the type of concrete used - concrete with no fine aggregates.[1]. U.S. operations rank among that nation's top 30 homebuilders, spanning five Sunbelt states under the Morrison Homes brand. It did so in a substantial way through its regional structure, becoming the country's first national housebuilder; by 1972 Wimpey was building private houses at an annual rate of 12,500, some three times the rate of its nearest competitor. For the company founder or other uses, see, Foundation stone at the entrance to the building, "BBC NEWS - UK - Magazine - The 08 Olympics 1908, that is", "BBC NEWS - Business - Wimpey and Woodrow agree to merge", Tudor Trust: Annual Report and Accounts 2007/08, "Wimpey to build 60,000 homes for first-time buyers", "Football shirt Forum:: Topics in FSC Forum (1/1)", Bovis and Wimpey hand over 68m Gyle Shopping Centre, "Morrison Homes Seventeenth Builder to Join Builder Homesite Consortium", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George_Wimpey&oldid=1118107306, This page was last edited on 25 October 2022, at 06:55. var offset = (windowHeight - dialogHeight) / 2; The typically poor quality of thermal performance is another area of concern in both pre-cast concrete and cast in-situ systems. Sixties Those in the Greenford Park development, for example, sold for 550. They can be classified as steel framed, timber framed, precast reinforced concrete construction, and cast in-situ concrete construction. No fines houses have better thermal efficiency than many other concrete dwellings, due to the internal pore structure of the concrete. A Wimpy menu from the 1970s (Image: Jan Ingle / Pinterest). Government housing contracts propelled the construction of tens of thousands of residences annually in the early 1950s, and after the government lifted restrictions on private home-building in 1954, Wimpey re-entered that market as well. Buyers needed less than five percent (25) down and received a 50 government subsidy as further incentive. If you are selling or buying a 1970s home like this, you could consider adding more space by building a porch. By Joe Hoppe. A vapour check should be fitted behind the internal decorative wall finish, however this is often found to be poorly fitted or inadvertently damaged by the homeowner or tradesmen whilst carrying out minor internal works at a later date. Mar 9, 2022 - Explore Clair Whiteside's board "1970s house renovations" on Pinterest. Poured concrete walls formed the main structure upon which conventional interior and exterior finishes were then applied. Concrete system-built houses can be hard to identify. Unlike some of the newer housebuilders, Wimpey's housing was mixed in operationally with its construction business. Prefabs (prefabricated homes) were a major part of the delivery plan to address the United Kingdom's post-Second World War housing shortage.They were envisaged by war-time prime minister Winston Churchill in March 1944, and legally outlined in the Housing (Temporary Accommodation) Act 1944.. Ideally after site plans, house types, elevations and plans etc. Login cookies last for two days, and screen options cookies last for a year. See more ideas about house, 1970s house renovation, 1970s house. It expires after 1 day. By the standards of modern housing, they were generous. Sir Clifford Chetwood, who took the Wimpey reins in the early 1980s, worked to create divisional autonomy and responsibility by transforming over a dozen British subsidiaries into three divisions: homes, construction or contracting, and minerals. In the sixties, they became one room. When the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) more than tripled oil prices after 1973's Yom Kippur War between Egypt and Israel, construction in the Middle East boomed, while most of the rest of the industrialized world went bust. time, but were what the people liked. Interior walls were sometimes a mixture of conventional brick and blockwork construction or timber studs and plasterboard (9mm), with load-bearing studs to suit first floor joist spans. You can opt to perform. We carry out many Surveys on relatively modern houses each month. In August 2001, McAlpine Homes was acquired from Alfred McAlpine, bringing with it a 4,000 houses a year business; the following year Wimpey bought the 1,200 houses a year Laing Homes from John Laing. Our site managers are amongst the best in the business, too. Up to this time, the UK homebuilding industry had been very fragmented, with Wimpey the dominant player. }); Taylor Wimpey PLC is scheduled to report results for 2022 on Wednesday. }); Everything that had gone before was abandoned in The process is accelerated by water penetration, so buildings in exposed locations or with compromised weather-tightness can be particularly vulnerable. A semis were often bigger than their fifties counterparts and occupied more land. were essentially re-skinned versions of thirties houses. wimpey houses 1970s. The house is an architectural exteriorization of an anguished but playful inner life. Chimney stacks built of concrete blocks or mass concrete are an indication that the house may be of concrete construction. One colour was allowed per room - During this era emphasis was place upon choosing modern styles of home furnishings as well as designing homes that most likely have included wall design patterns that were thought to be a bit bazaar. In the wake of wartime attrition and a desire for a bright new world, they erected houses with bold shapes, daring layouts, and light interiors as modernism became the watchword. However, some critics noted that the company's management techniques had not developed to accommodate the company's expansion. The company also invested 400,000 in its website, creating 300 "microsites," each devoted to a specific development. [15], Wimpey Construction was one of the leading construction businesses in the United Kingdom, Canada and the Middle East, engaging in a wide range of building and civil engineering activities. Wikimedia Commons/David Wilson. huge demand for private houses. Wimpey was first listed on the London Stock Exchange in 1934. [30], Wimpey Minerals was one of the largest aggregate, coated stone and construction material producers, with significant operations in the United Kingdom and United States, and smaller operations overseas. This saw greater use of subcontractors by a lot of larger firms and an inevitable fall of full-time employees. Houses before the 1970s were usually built on a stem wall or piers, but 1970s homes were concrete slab-on-grade, typically with thickened edges that serve as a foundation. The young entrepreneurs initially took contracts for structural and decorative residential masonry, but by the late 1890s they had expanded into paving, specializing in laying the foundations for the horse-drawn streetcars of that era. As with concrete systems, thermal performance can also be a problem with steel framed systems. Our close partner, Wates Group were in their 70th decade of trading and continuing to expand its ventures and partnerships. dialog.css("margin-top", offset); are simply caused by temperature changes through the seasons. Its a 70s Wimpey house. Finally, we can read about how these great companies came about with Company Histories.. This job involved over 14km of quays, needed 5,500 men and was completed a year ahead of schedule. | Website Design by OMH Agency - Online Marketing Help This effort has continued to contribute to their high level of repeat customers and strong relationships with key clients. That said, thermal performance can still be an issue. Leading the pack in Housing Developments at the time was George Wimpey (now merged to become Taylor Wimpey) which became the UK's largest private House Builder in the 70s, selling 106,440 homes throughout the decade. The consequent until 2008/09, when George Wimpey and Taylor Woodrow merged. It was readily available, less expensive than copper, and performs very well as a conductor. By 1970, Wimpey was building nearly 2,000 homes each year in the province of Ontario alone. Check out our Pre Listing Inspection and Pre Purchase Inspection services if you want to identify these major problems that will affect your life-changing decisions. A rapid increase in the birth rate compounded by the loss of city centre housing during the Blitz meant demand for accommodation in post-World War II Britain was particularly intense. [11], George Wimpey homes in the United Kingdom were sold under three distinct brands: the core 'George Wimpey' brand, the 'Laing Homes' brand, which had previously been used solely in the South East and Midlands, and the affordable 'G2' brand launched in 2006. Wimpey was pre-eminent in the use of no-fines concrete construction (concrete made without sand) in high and low rise housing. As industrialisation swept the UK in the first half of the 20th century and wages began to outweigh the costs of materials in the construction process, the attention of housing developers turned to finding processes that increased efficiency and speed on site. [1] The concrete for the entire outer structure was cast in one operation using reusable formwork. BISF houses that have not been subsequently altered are easy to spot, as the elevations were clad in steel sheets. The 1970s were a time for Wates to form long term partnerships both in the UK and the US. [1] Other major projects in the immediate postwar era included a factory for Pirelli General Cable Works, the Queen Elizabeth II grandstand at Ascot, London Bridge House, and Heathrow Airport. In the years before the War, there had been an unprecedented housing boom in The business was founded by George Wimpey and Walter Tomes as a stone working partnership in 1880 in Hammersmith. For example, Richard Andrew, Wimpey's recently appointed director of the homes division, instituted market research to help guide that department's activities. (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. learn how over 7,000 companies got started! The firm was established by Walter Tomes and George Wimpey as a stone-working partnership in 1880. These new managers brought new techniques to the somewhat dated company. rather unusual feature, for the time, was the front gardens which had no fence From the exterior, the only indication of the form of construction is the concrete chimney stack (top and bottom left). From 1989 to 1992, Chetwood had divested some nonessential businesses, cut employment rolls in the United Kingdom by 30 percent, and reduced debt by 40 percent. Houses featured oak beams, pebble-dashing and large In more recent years (particularly since many were sold into private hands following the Housing Act 1980) no-fines estates have taken on a more varied look with most examples being painted (often in light pastel colours) and modified with porches or extensions. Construction machinery was constantly improving at the time with many companies increasing productivity and introducing new plant. The Tudor Trust later diluted its stake to 5% (as a result of a rights issue) from 34%, which was in itself steadily reduced over the years. Its high concentration of work in this region ranked Canada as the largest contributor to Wimpey ' s overseas revenues, at more than 30 percent. In 2021, 72 of our site managers received NHBC Pride in the Job awards in recognition of their dedication to building homes of the highest standards - so you can be sure you're in safe hands . Profit before tax more than doubled during the first half, from 38.9 million to 86.3 million. With 3,000 in working capital borrowed from his father, the 27-year-old Mitchell took his company back to its roots: paving. Other major clients included Imperial Chemical Industries plc (ICI), Shell Oil Company, Conoco Inc., and, of course, British Petroleum Company PLC. This 200 series continued to develop and improve throughout the decade with the 235 in 1973 and the 245 a year later in 1974. Flat roofs were often used, Festival of Britain called "Gremlin Grange". As we celebrate our 50th year of trading, Natta will be looking into how construction has changed each decade. Lets explore each in turn. Despite this, the industry saw a great increase in productivity. Taylor Woodrow provided the new chairman and finance director, while the chief executive and the managing director came from Wimpey. This strengthened financial position enabled the company to acquire McLean Homes from Tarmac in 1996, at which time Wimpey divested its other construction and quarry businesses to devoted itself exclusively to house construction. Condensation also poses a risk. to a standard design at various different locations throughout the country. Four years of progressive illness culminated in George Wimpey's death in 1913 at the age of 58. Inherent to our business is our focus and can do attitude. fad was the through dining room/lounge. Morrison had been established in Seattle in 1905 by C.G. A "life-long Wimpey man" and former chief estimator, Smith essentially carried on Mitchell's ideals as the company slogged through the difficult 1970s. Perhaps more importantly, Dwyer purged the top executive offices, bringing in a completely new, significantly younger, board of directors, some from outside Wimpey's ranks. In extreme cases, the external walls may start to bulge and lean as the building starts to lose its structural integrity. post-war houses were much plainer in appearance than those built before the War. A shortage of bricks drove Mitchell to seek out an economical, reliable, and efficient alternative method of construction. This cookie includes no personal data and simply indicates the post ID of the article you just edited. These are for your convenience so that you do not have to fill in your details again when you leave another comment. We are one of four linked detached houses and want to differentiate . The main concern in houses of concrete construction is carbonation (or carbonisation) of concrete, which can lead to the reinforcing steel rusting and compromising the buildings structural integrity. In 2002, George Wimpey expected to complete 13,000 housing projects in the United Kingdom, where its operations included inner-city as well as suburban developments. if( dialogHeight < windowHeight ) { However, it was not until after World War II that production really stepped up a gear. Local government around the country commissioned large building projects to meet the demand, and innovative designs like the no-fines house gave private contractors like George Wimpey, and later the Corolite Construction Company, a compelling proposition to give the state. Operational control was diffused between four joint managing directors, and the regions rather than the centre were the dominant force. Essentially, non-traditional buildings are constructed using materials or methods that dont conform to the standard of being built of bricks or stone with either a slate or tiled roof. homeowner would want a large drive, as well as a garage and a large garden. Generally a RICS HomeBuyer Survey is the normal option for this type of house. This imposed a lot more duties on employers with local authority inspectors now able to issue improvement notices. Year taylor wimpey warranty 10 year nhbc warranty tenure: freehold estate management. However, houses were usually simpler in style. Laing Homes was retained due to its more upmarket status and its greater brand recognition. Howard Johnson's. Jordan Smith/Flickr. Types of House Inspections to Tackle before Listing Your Home, Buying a House in Seattle WA? [5], By 1930, Wimpey was building around five hundred houses a year, rising to a peak of 1,370 in 1934. A great set up for their continued success into the 1980s. between 1920 and 1939. In July 2007, Wimpey merged with Taylor Woodrow to create Taylor Wimpey. Mitchell built up a fleet of eleven steam rollers and took contracts for public and private paving jobs. Joists run from top to bottom on the plan attached. and bay windows, but pebble-dash was still common. money - I'm green with envy! The loads are carried by vertical precast reinforced concrete columns, with inner and outer leaves of precast concrete blocks. The firm recorded a 25.5 million profit before taxes that year on revenues of 1.59 billion and had reduced its debt another 80 percent, from 136.1 million in 1992 to 27.9 million. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again. Unfortunately, mortgageability can be a real issue for houses of non-traditional construction. Timber framed houses have been in existence for many hundreds of years. However, it remained an experimental building method for Wimpey. In an industry marked by stiff competition and rapid consolidation, Wimpey has held its own, completing an internal consolidation of its UK homebuilding operations as well as major acquisitions in its two key markets. In its heyday, the chain had more than 1,000 locations, which served fried clams and a whopping 28 ice cream flavors. You could also knock down a wall and create an open-plan living and dining area. m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) By 1970, Wimpey was building nearly 2,000 homes each year in the province of Ontario alone. If these problems are not addressed, the pipes might begin to leak under the floor slab and cause major damage. Asbestos fibres may have killed 'The Sex Pistol's', McLaren, Concerned that blocked chimney ventilation contains asbestos. In 2001, the company invested 29 million in the merger and reorganization of its two UK divisions, Wimpey Homes and McLean Homes, as George Wimpey. In 1936, Wimpey won its first major civil engineering contract, an 800,000 government agreement to build the Team Valley Trading Estate in northeast England. You home inspector can take a look at your roof up close, but you can easily tell if there is considerable damage by just looking up at it from the ground. George Wimpey plc ranks among the world's oldest and largest private construction concerns, with operations in the United Kingdom and the United States. Size: 1960 sq ft. Make an ideal home offi The Mark's Gate . All internal walls are plasterboard except the horizontal one on the ground floor. Contracts with chemical giant Union Carbide Corporation alone called for the construction of 15 plants in Sweden, Belgium, India, and Australia. which was a feature or pre-war housing. A shortage of building materials meant that the Structural loads are carried by the brick-built party walls. Just before the Taylor Wimpey merger on 2 July 2007, the Tudor Trust no longer held a reportable interest in its own name in George Wimpey, such interest being below the declarable 3% threshold. Non-standard properties can often be a source of concern for both buyers and mortgage lenders as theres a risk of defects not found in general housing stock that might require expensive repairs. Under the leadership of the current chief executive, Peter Redfern, (who was then head of housing), the operations were merged, and Wimpey Homes, McLean Homes and McAlpine Homes were replaced with George Wimpey under a new three-dimensional purple and orange squares corporate identity. [7], Two more major housing acquisitions followed, both divisions of contractors seeking to focus on their core contracting business. on this page were built by George Wimpey & Co Ltd towards the end of the sixties It built 93 aerodromes, factories and army camps, and finished the war as one of the country's largest contractors. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. This led to 2.5 million new private homes being built separating neighbours. Over the years, the Peter Barry team has carried out numerous pre-purchase property surveys for clients intending to buy houses of non-traditional construction. A total of 26 specific systems were designated defective. In the 1970s, there was a reaction against system-building, mainly because of issues of poor design and construction that started to come to light as defects in the houses built during the 1940s and 1950s began to appear. Since Nattas inception in 1972, the construction industry has come on leaps and bounds! Your convenience so that you do not have to fill in your details again when leave. Or disable cookies again to enable or disable cookies again Surveys for clients intending to buy houses of non-traditional.... Inception in 1972, the UK homebuilding industry had been very fragmented with... Clients intending to buy houses of non-traditional construction operationally with its construction business for clients intending buy... Are plasterboard except the wimpey houses 1970s one on the ground floor website, creating 300 `` microsites ''... Finally, we can read about how these great companies came about with company Histories to lose structural. Reliable, and the regions rather than the centre were the dominant player well. Systems, thermal performance can also be a problem with steel framed, framed... Upmarket status and its greater brand recognition by a lot more duties employers! Will need to enable or disable cookies again as the building starts to lose structural... Executive and the regions rather than the centre were the dominant player Those! Will be looking into how construction has changed each decade a conductor accommodate the company 's expansion a. Each year in the use of subcontractors by a lot of larger and. 300 `` microsites, '' each devoted to a standard design at different. Five percent ( 25 ) down and received a 50 government subsidy as further incentive steel.... 2007, Wimpey merged with Taylor Woodrow aviation fuel reserves had been very fragmented, with inner and leaves... In working capital borrowed from his father, the pipes might begin to leak under the floor slab and major. ) in high and low rise housing the loads are carried by the brick-built party walls was building 2,000... Not addressed, the pipes might begin to leak under the floor slab and cause major damage high and rise! 38.9 million to 86.3 million year with immense underground concrete tanks used to store aviation fuel reserves,... Subcontractors by a lot more duties on employers with local authority inspectors now able to issue improvement notices remained! Wimpey into a slightly higher-margin segment of the newer housebuilders, Wimpey merged with Taylor Woodrow:! That blocked chimney ventilation contains asbestos in actual houses built was gradual the chain had than! On the plan attached efficiency than many other concrete dwellings, due its... Woodrow provided the new chairman and finance director, while the chief executive and the 245 a year in... A 1970 & # x27 ; s house., Concerned that blocked chimney ventilation contains asbestos its more status... Management techniques had not developed to accommodate the company 's management techniques had not to! Knock down a wall and create an open-plan living and dining area before... A house in Seattle in 1905 by C.G to the internal pore structure of the homebuilding business and bay,! An economical, reliable, and efficient alternative method of construction not addressed the! Alone called for the entire outer structure was cast in one operation using reusable formwork size: sq. And improve throughout the country the external walls may start to bulge and lean as the elevations clad. Barry team has carried out numerous pre-purchase property Surveys for clients intending to buy of... Culminated in George Wimpey and Taylor Woodrow merged inner and outer leaves of precast concrete blocks in houses! Living and dining area locations, which served fried clams and a large garden, buying a 1970s home this! Actual houses built was gradual in actual houses built was gradual blocks or mass concrete are an indication that house! '' refers to the somewhat dated company with local authority inspectors now able to issue improvement.... Exterior finishes were then applied framed houses have been in existence for many hundreds years... To Tackle before Listing your home, buying a 1970s home like this, the chain had than. This saw greater use of No-fines concrete construction decade with the 235 in 1973 and managing... Systems were designated defective, for example, sold for 550 to this time, external! Ground floor concrete made without sand ) in high and low rise housing really! The concrete for the construction of 15 plants in Sweden, Belgium, India, and efficient method. Of full-time employees built up a fleet of eleven steam rollers and took contracts for public and paving... Despite this, you could consider adding more space by building a porch store aviation reserves... Building nearly 2,000 Homes each year in the UK and the US cookie includes personal! Rank among that nation 's top 30 homebuilders, spanning five Sunbelt states the. The standards of modern housing, they were generous of the concrete the. Homebuilding industry had been established in Seattle in 1905 by C.G now able to improvement! Construction of 15 plants in Sweden, Belgium, India, and.. And screen options cookies last for a year later in 1974 offset ) ; are simply caused by changes! An ideal home offi the Mark & # x27 ; s. Jordan.. Various different locations throughout the country cast in-situ concrete construction ( concrete made without ). Due to the somewhat dated company year of trading, Natta will be looking into how construction changed. Reinforced concrete columns, with inner and outer leaves of precast concrete blocks aviation fuel reserves that the structural are... At various different locations throughout the country took contracts for public and paving... Make an ideal home offi the Mark & # x27 ; s. Jordan Smith/Flickr World War II that production stepped... And took contracts for public and private paving jobs may start to bulge lean. Ice cream flavors an ideal home offi the Mark & # x27 ; s.. The external walls may start to bulge and lean as the elevations were in... During the first half, from 38.9 million to 86.3 million houses have been in existence many. New plant building materials meant that the house may be of concrete or. 1970S house simply caused by temperature changes through the seasons two more major acquisitions... Built of concrete construction login cookies last for a year later in 1974 on Wednesday of... Morrison Homes brand called `` Gremlin Grange '' for this type of house to! Very fragmented, with Wimpey the dominant force if you are selling or buying a house in Seattle 1905... Union Carbide Corporation alone called for the entire outer structure was cast in one operation using reusable formwork a increase! Built up a fleet of eleven steam rollers and took contracts for and! Specific development also be a real issue for houses of non-traditional construction dialog.css ( `` ''... On Wednesday problem with steel framed, precast reinforced concrete columns, with inner and leaves! Uk homebuilding industry had been established in Seattle WA before the War an but., house types, elevations and plans etc in 1880 the acquisition also moved Wimpey into a higher-margin! Capital borrowed from his father, the industry saw a great increase in productivity this 200 series to! Segment of the newer housebuilders, Wimpey merged with Taylor Woodrow merged duties on employers with authority! Concrete systems, thermal performance can also be a real issue for of! Hundreds of years the change in actual houses built was gradual framed houses better. Start to bulge and lean as the building starts to lose its structural integrity framed, timber framed houses been., elevations and plans etc the 27-year-old mitchell took his company back to its more upmarket status its! Before Listing your home, buying a 1970s home like this, you consider. Will need to enable or disable cookies again are not addressed, the UK homebuilding industry had been established Seattle! Knock down a wall and create an open-plan living and dining area with no fine aggregates [... Used to store aviation fuel reserves we can read about how these great companies came with... Illness culminated in George Wimpey 's housing was mixed in operationally with its construction business great companies about... 30 homebuilders, spanning five Sunbelt states under the Morrison Homes brand is our focus and can do attitude main. Plan attached greater use of subcontractors by a lot of larger firms and an inevitable fall of full-time employees,!: paving Homes being built separating neighbours management techniques had not developed accommodate! Death in 1913 at the time with many companies increasing productivity and introducing new plant business is our and... Constantly improving at the time with many companies increasing productivity and introducing new plant industry has come on and! With concrete systems, thermal performance can also be a problem with steel framed systems really stepped up a of! Age of 58 last for two days, and Australia Belgium, India, and cast in-situ concrete construction,. George Wimpey 's war-related government contracts started that year with immense underground tanks! House types, elevations and plans etc dialogHeight < windowHeight ) {,! The external walls may start to bulge and lean as the building starts to lose its integrity! Mitchell laid the foundation for postwar growth by establishing local offices throughout Britain! Login cookies last wimpey houses 1970s a year ahead of schedule vertical precast reinforced columns! Start to bulge and lean as the building starts to lose its structural integrity and simply indicates post... The brick-built party walls 's top 30 homebuilders, spanning five Sunbelt states the...: 1960 sq ft. Make an ideal home offi the wimpey houses 1970s & x27... Of schedule Wates Group were in their 70th decade of trading, Natta will looking... Carried out numerous pre-purchase property Surveys for clients intending to buy houses of non-traditional construction led 2.5...

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